Apparatus for coating



May 18, 1943 i s. LIPSIUS 2,319,242

' APPARATUS FOR'COATING Filed May 2, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 I IIQVENTOR Sdmue/ Zzhszus M y 1943 s. LIPSlUS 2,319,242

APPARATUS FOR COATING Filed may 2. 1940 s- Sh eets-Sheet '4 May 18, 1943 S. LIPSIUS 2,319,242.

APPARATUS FOR comm} Filed may 2, 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 5 I (I I I0 9 H M 27 INVENTOR Patented May 18,1943

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 19 Claims.

This invention relates to coating apparatus and has for an object to make available a coating means .capable of utilizing various coating compositions such as those disclosed in my copending application, Serial Number 323,119, filed March 9, 1940, for Coating composition,

Another object is to provide a coating devic adapted not only for the foregoing materials but also capable of using .such conventional materials as varnishes, lacquers and gums without requiring different machinery or apparatus. Still another object is to make available a coating device of the character herein described that may be attached to printing presses and. thus convert them and make them useful for the application of coatings of the type mentioned herein as well as the more conventional varnish, lacquer and gum coatings, such apparatus being capable of being used on a printing press permanently or capable of being attached temporarily when the press is not used for printing.

Yet a further object is to provide a coating device capable of being easily attached and delow enough viscosity, so that they may be applied as a coating to various foundations. It is also desirable not to overheat such coatings to prevent polymerization or discoloration. For that purpose it is desirable that the fountain be equipped with proper heating means, so as to reduce such coating material to the proper viscosity. I

Usually fountains are equipped with either gas or electric heating elements located either in or underneath the fountain. Application of heat principally in this manner is not suitable because many compositions of hot melts cannot stand tached to printing presses and the likeso that the press may be profitably employed for printing as w .e1l as for coating operations taking place at different times.

For the purpose of illustration this invention has been amplified in connection with a cylinder type printing press, in particular a Style B Kelly press in which Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a portion of the press.

Fig. 2 is an end view or elevationof the of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side view of a portion of the same press having this invention attached.

Fig. 4 is a section on the line Hof Fig; 2.

Fig. .5 is atop plan view of the removable fountain or coating attachment.

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 66 of Fig. 5.

Fig. '7 is a section on the line l-I of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a section on the line 88 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 99 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 is a section on the line lO-lli ofFlg. 5.

Fig, 11 is a section on the line Hli of Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 shows a modified construction-embodying this invention. V

.Fig. 13 is a side view of the device of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 representsa switch for automatically device opening a circuit through one or more resistance heaters in response to stoppage of the press.

Coating compositions, especially when in the form of hot or semi-hot melts, require proper con.-

-ditioning' or heat treating to reduce them to a continuous heating at high temperature to obtain the necessary low viscosity or fluidity without either or both discoloration and polymerization. .It is very desirable to obtain as transparent a coating as possible and not resort to more expensive coating materials for that purpose. Such a usual fountain would require the heating of the entire coating material in order to obtain low viscosity at the point of application of the coating material. The material nearest the bottom-or where the heater is located inside the fountain, would be subjected to the most intense heat,

3 whereas themost liquid coating material is necessary at the top just before application by the coating roller. It has been found that best results can be obtained if the limit heat is applied to cause the desired low viscosity. Just before application to the foundation. By limit heat is meant the amount necessary to bring the material to its desired fluidity.

It must be understood that if a solid or semisolid hot melt were left in the fountain overnight, it would solidify to its original state. If heat were kept on it would cause more or less deterioration from the continuous heating and might spoil or burn the material nearest to the heat. To start operations the following morning, if the fountain were not heated overnight, would require heating of the entire mass in the fountain until it was fluid enough for use, which again presents the possibility of overheating and deteriorati'ng as mentioned.

To avoid the above disadvantages I propose the use of a fountain constructed with the view {of subjecting the material or hot melt to heating from above the fountain and by means of a heated doctor roller for the purpose of reducing and maintaining the proper viscosity or fluidity. The fountain should be rather shallow and wide rather than deep and narrow with the object of having a comparatively thin mass of the material to be heated for liquification, especially when starting in the morning.

' By this method the necessary mass in the fountain can be brought more quickly to a'proper state of viscosity after it had solidified more or less, depending on the material used, due to stopp e of operations for any reason. The fountain is preferably made so it can be slightly inclined in order to cause a flow from the bottom of the reservoir toward the coating roller. This fountainis equipped with a gate or door to regulate the flow from the gate down the incline to the coating roller. The doctor roller, or roller that is used for regulating the amount of film the coating ro-ller shall apply, may be equipped with an electric heating element thermostatically controlled, as, in the final analysis, it is the arbiter of the exact thickness and state of viscosity of the film about to be applied.

The heat from above the fountain is applied by an adjustable and removable hood. This may extend close to the cylinder of the coating machine and is arranged so it can be raised or lowered over the fountain. It is equipped with a series of electric heating elements of sufficient capacity, depending on the width of the coating machine or length of fountain, and is also equipped with switches so disposed that one or more elements may be in use at the same time. The fountain is constructed so that the pan coatings are attempted; The drying is slow, and because flat plates have to be used, the work sticks to the solid surfaces of the plates. When such varnishes are reduced with thinner, drying is further retarded as this type of varnish does not dry under heat, and if attempted, dulls the gloss. The cost of the fiat plates necessary for overprint varnish for the various size jobs is a printing press.

' I have found thata specially constructed attachment or coating device consisting of a fountain with coating rollers for holding and applying coating materials may be easily attached to holding the varnishing material may be easily removed and replaced with another containing different material and capable of being readily cleaned out. Inthis manner the hot melt coating material can be kept at a comparatively low temperature at the rear of the fountain and gradually brought to a fluid state at the coating roller end of the fountain without polymerization or discoloration due to continuous heating at high temperatures. Such a coatin device or fountain can also, of course, be used without heat for coatings not requiring it. To prevent overheating of the thin film, especially on the coating and doctor rollers when the coating machine is stopped for any reason, provisions are made for an auxiliary drive so that they may be kept turning.

In order to carry out successfully the process of coating with hot or semi-hot melts, it is desirable to preheat the stock or foundation to be coated. This improves the final result, especially in winter months, when the stock may be chilled. because of room conditions, and prevents the chilling of the film of coating by the sheet too prematurely. For this purpose one may use the same type of hood for the stock or sheets as de-.

scribed for use over the fountain so as to heat the sheets thoroughly before they reach the coating rollers.

Such preheating not only makes a more compatible surface for the coatings but reduces by many degrees the temperature necessary for the coating material.

The application of coating materials, such as varnish, lacquer or gums, to printed and lithog graphed work is mainly being done at present by a cylinder type of printing press of practically any construction, such as a Kelly, Meihle and others, either as a permanent fixture or to be easily and speedily detached. To illustrate, after printing, my coating device can be attached to the press and used with varnish, lacquer or hot melts, as well as strip and flat gumming, as the case may be. Thus a great saving in time and money can be accomplished by many printers and lithographers. v

Because of the close proximity of this fountain or coating device to the cylinder of the printing press, even the volatile type of varnishes and lacquers may be used the same as in regular coating machines and the,printer has the added advantage of using the automatic feeder of his printing or lithograph press forgreater output.

This coating device is equipped with heating elements thermostatically controlled so that varnish coating material may also be used containing solvents that are not volatile at room temperatures but that will evaporate at higher temperatures, as well as hot melts of various the press is stopped and thus prevent overheating of the coating material. It is also equipped.

with a power shift so that the power for driving the coating device rollers may be shifted either to the press power or to the auxiliary drive if the press is stopped for any reason.

In operation say on a Kelly press the high speed operation in many plants involves the use of a drier through which the sheets, printed with ink' that dries at elevated temperatures, are

passed. Such dryers, where available, make the I ideal situation for carrying out practically every type of coating or gumming operation within the scope of this coating attachment.

This coating mechanism may be built so that it can be attached to Kelly presses and the like and to operate without stopping the operation of the bed of the press in which case the fountain is more shallow than when the bed of the press is stopped and the coating rollers are 01' smaller diameter, so that the entire mechanism is suspended above the bed of the printing press.

In Fig. 4, for example, the printing press illustrated includes the usual cylinder In which moves about its axis as welLas toward and from the reciprocating bed. containing the type. Some of the usual ink rolls I! are illustrated above the bed. The paper being fed into the press moves along the path I 3 to the grippers ll of the .c'y-linder and after being carried by the cylinder Hi then moves out of the press.v on the carrier II.- as shown inFigs. 5 and 7 the bearing blocks The cylinder II has the usual cylinder packing holder l5 and mechanism I! for actuating the grippers. In order to adapt the press for receiving the coating apparatus or fountainof this invention the ink rolls are preferably disconnected as is also the bed I I, this bed being moved out from under the cylinder as shown in Fig. 4"" in order to make room beneath the cylinder for ;1

' handled by the fountain. For heating the coating material adjacent the roll 20,.both' rolls I! and 20 are shown in Fig. 8 as being electrically 'heated in which event some usual means for supplying the current thereto will be used. This heating need not be only electrical.

The electric heater and-slip rings for conducting current -to them-are regarded as sufilciently well known not to need illustration. The coating tank It is supported by lateral extensions 2| and 22 from the bottom of the tank to bars 24' and 25 resting on the side frames 23 of the press. In other words, these hook type extensions 2| and 22 laterally position the coating tank It of the doctor roll and coating roll are provided in each end with some suitable means for accurately adjusting the spacing of their surfaces and as shown iii Fig. '7 such includes nuts 42 on bolts passing into the bearing blocks ofeach roll. If desired, these blocks may be resiliently biased apart and held at the desired spacing by the limiting nuts 42, one or both of which on a side may be adjusted to vary the separation of the rolls.

As shown in Fig. 3 an auxiliarymotor 43 is pro-" vided with suitable reduction gearing in the housing 44 for the sprocket 45 which drives a sprocket 41 on a shaft 26 through the chain 46. The purpose of this auxiliary motor is to enable the fountain rolls l9 and to be rotated in event the press should stop. Continued rotation of these rolls [9 and 20 reduces the hazard of the coating with respect to the cylinder l0 and the press.

Carried by the side bars 24 and 25 is the shaft '25 journalled in suitable bearings and carrying gears 32 and 33'while Fig. 10' shows how the teeth of these gears are/long enough to allow the. usual changes in separation of these two rolls. The apparatus previously described and bearing the reference numerals It to 33, with the exception'of the chain 28 and sprocket 29, constitute .a partof the removable coating attachment or fountain. That is, these parts may be inserted or removed as a unit from the printing press. v

As shown in Fig. 'l the coating tank or fountain comprises a supply reservoir 34 for the coating material, especially for hot melt type coating materials. An. electric heater 35 is shown as being located in the bottom portion of the supply reservoir. In addition an electric heater It is located 'over thejsupply reservoir so that heat may be transmitted'down onto a surface of the material into the supply reservoir by eitheror Y both radiation and convection.

A gate 31 whose opening is controlled by the adlusting screws 35, determines the rate of flow of the coating material from the supply reservoir 24 down an incline 25 to the shallow portion 40 beneath the coating roll 20. In order to safely heat the coating material as it flows down the incline '38 with less danger of polymerization from overheating, an extension 4| of the-heater.

25 provides an overhead source of heat and here again the heat may reach the thin stream on the incline by either or both radiation and convection.

material being hardened or otherwise damaged from excessive heat, since the film on the rolls is continuously brought in contact with a supply,

in the tank as long as the fountain rolls are being driven.

Splined on theshaft 26 is a rotary clutch part the clutch part 48 is moved to the right or to the left as is desired to engage the appropriate I gear, it being understood the gears 21 and 50 are not splined to the shaft 26 but are free to rotate thereon being connected through the clutch part 48 with the shaft 26. A bifurcated portion 52 connects the handle 5| with the clutch part 48 as shown in Figs. 9 and 11.

'Fig. '6 shows blocks 53 secured to the side or the tank l8 and with which the adjusting screws 38 engage for raising or lowering the gate 31 to control the size of opening from the supply reser :voir and thus control the rate of flow of coating material to the rolls. Figs. 3 and 4 show an overhead heater 54 for electrically preheating the paper as it is moved into ,the press for engagement by the cylinder Ill. The various electrical heaters are preferably each separately controlled. by a suitable adjustable thermostat 55 for varying the heat contributed from each heater to the desired amount. a l

' In Figs. 12 and 13 is shown a modified embodiment of this invention in which the'supplytank or fountain is much shallower than in the form illustrated in Fig. 4 and is made so shallow that the bed II need not be disconnected and moved out of the way. In other words. the fountain in Figs. 12 and 13 is shallow enough to be inserted between the cylinder and the top of the bed H.

In the last embodiment illustrated the clearance space available between the roll and bed is only about one inch so that thedoctor and.coating rolls must be made much smaller in diameter. These rolls are connected and driven in the same way as has been described inconnection with the previous figures. The fountain or tank in Figs. 12 and 1a is also supported in the same way as was described for the fountain in the preceding figures of thedra'wings. derstood that neither tvpe fountain of this inventionis limited to hot melt type coatings, but ordinary volatile solvent type coatings may be used though, of course, when so used there will be no need for heating the coating material since It should be un-' pins and tighten the screws snugly.

a loss of solvent material is not desired until after the coating operation has taken place.

The following instructions have been found suitable for a machinist to disconnect the bed motion on a style B Kelly press in order to provide room for insertion of the fountain coating unit of Figs. 1 to 11 inclusive:. Move the bed to the rear dead center as in Fig. 4. Remove the slides and rail as has been done in Figs. 1 and 2, the slides and rail remaining are indicated at 58 in Figs. 1 and 2. Bring the bed forward and remove the slider connection bracket with two oil pipes and two bolts. Remove the sheet metal guard over the bolt. Remove the cap screw from the large gear and before removing see that the two zero marks on rear dead center correspond with the bottom rack. Under no circumstances loosen any screws or adjustments on this bottom stationary rack. Then remove the large gear from the bottom stationary rack and slide it out through the opening in the press, or leave it out of contact in the press housing.

To reconnect the bed motion on this same style B Kelly press the following directions should sufilce for the machinist: Clean the large gear thoroughly and brush out all dirt between the gear teeth. Move the press back to dead center to the zero dead line and match the scribe line on the bed with the zero on the frame. Slip in large gear and replace cap screw. Replace sheet metal guard over the belt. Replace the rail and slides which had been removed, fastening them with their bolts. Put in the connection bracket and bar, being careful to have all form blocks in slider Of course ink rolls and other parts not used in the coating operation are replaced or connected for printing service.

To start the coating operation, the bed of the press after being disconnected is moved to the opposite end of the press as shown in Fig. 4. The coating device is a complete unit and is attached to the side walls of the press as shown in Figs. 2 and 6. Th cylinder of the press should be properly prepared for the coating operations on the particular size of work to be handled. The fountain of this coating device is also made ready for using the particular coating material decided on. The coating operation is then ready to begin, using the regular-varnishes, lacquers or gum, flat or strip, as has been common practice in coating machines and should need no further description here.

For hot melts the desired viscosity of the coating material must first be attained, tests made to get the desired light or heavy coating by regulating the doctor r011. Provision is made to preheat the hot melt material as well as the paper stock in order to obtain the best results. The coated sheets should preferably be allowed to cool so as to allow the coating to set or harden and beused.' After determining the desired temperatures, operation with the hot melt type coating materials will be found as simple and convenient as is the operation with any of the more usual type varnishes or coatings. Whenever the press is manually or automatically stopped the power Practice will determine,

the coating and doctor rolls onto the auxiliary motor 43. The heater 54 above the paper stock may b constructed to be on only when the press is rlmning and be automatically out of! when the press is stopped.

If the ordinary paper coating varnish is to be used, the fountain is filled but without any heat being used in the fountain or above it. The sheets are coated and pass from the printing press delivery l5 to a drier, not shown but often used, then to a cooling space in the usual way.

If lacquer be used, great care must be observed for ventilating the solvent during the application and a proper drier must be used in such cases with indirect heat and proper ventilation. For coating with gum, flat or strip, the method' is well known on a usual coating machine and therefore should require no special-remarks here.

The printing press coating attachment of this invention is especially useful for the application of hot melt coatings consisting of certain composition varnishing malterials, some hard and some semi-hand, which are capable of being dissolved to a low enough viscosity by the application of heat. In event the press stops while using hot melt type coatings, then in order to prevent the thin film on the coating roll from becoming overheated, the operator should throw the clutch actuating handle 5| to a position for driving the coating roll from the auxiliary motor 43. When using semi-hard hot melts which conrtain a low percentage of volatile solvent, a. drier should be used heated to a temperature sufllcient to drive off the volatile solvent operation of the coating so as to leave the coating hard, non-tacky and dry when cool. When hot melt material is placed in the fountain, heat is applied both within and above the material as described. 011 the ma- :terial becoming sufllciently liquid, the rollers are started in operation preferably by means of the auxiliary drive. Control of the heaters by means of thermostats responsive to temperature in the shiftil should be moved to throw the drive for liquid will prevent over or under heating of the coating material. The automatic switch shown in Fig. 14 for opening the circuit may, of course, control the various resistance heaters to open the circuit of all of them on stoppage of the press.

As before mentioned, the preheaters for'the paper stock should also be put in operation so that the coating material will not be chilled too rapidly when ,it is applied to the paper stock. This preheater 54 is likewise thermostatically controlled. The hot melt material is desirable'because no drying operation is required after coating. When the fountain rolls and press are in condition the coating roll is then drivenby the press.

' While the above invention ha been illustrated in connection with the Kelly press, it will be apparent that the fountain of this invention may be attached. to other types of printing presses as well as to coating machines. It will also be understood that while the fountain of this invention is especially useful with hot melt type coatings,

Perhaps a chief advantage of this invention is (a the necessity of purchasing a separate coating machine as is now usual. With the fountain atthat it enables the printer to do coating without MAM.

and not have to incur the expense of purchasing an entire coating machine. An'otherimportant advantage of this invention is its ability to operate with hot melt type coatings which do not require the time, trouble or expense of drying operations. Y

The space available for the coating roll in the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13 may be enlarged by shifting the roll and fountain to one side of the lower central position.' This is especially desirable where not all the paper is to becoated.

The coating roll of the fountain in each embodiment is preferably provided with a yieldable surface as is common with coating rolls. In each embodiment the coating roll should have a peripheral speed the same as that of the press.

I claim:

v 1. An apparatus for coating with a hot melt type quick setting material which comprises a supply compartment for said material, a gate through which the material may find egress from said compartment, a heated passage alon which a shallow stream of the material may pass from said gate, a coating roll for taking up the material moving along said passage and applying the same i to a foundation, doctor means for controlling the thickness of the applied coating, and means for heating the foundation before the hot melt coating is applied thereto.

2. An apparatus for coating with a hot melt means for heating the material as it moves along said passage.

3. An apparatus for coating paper which comprises apwork holder, a coating roll, a doctor roll,

' a supply reservoir for coating material, a passage along which a shallow stream of the materialmoves from the supply reservoir, and means for heating the coating material in said apparatus,

before its application to the work, from above the material, and heating the material in said reservoir from below the liquid level therein.

4. A coating fountain comprising a supply reservoir, a passage along which the coating material flows from said reservoir in a thin stream,

means for controlling the rate of flow of ma-' terial from said reservoir, a heated coating roll and a heated doctor roll at the end of said incline, a shallow pool beneath said-roll, and means for heating the material just before its application to the coating roll. 4

5. An apparatus for coating with a'hot melt type quick setting material which comprises a supply compartment for said material, a gate through which the material may find egress from said compartment, a passage along which the material may pass in a shallow stream from said gate, heated doctor and coating rolls for taking up the material moving along said passage, said doctor roll being heated high enough for increasing the temperature of said material just before its application to the work being coated.

6.-The combination .with a rotating cylinder carrying work to be-coated and having movement toward and from a coating roll, of a passageway along which hot melted coating material may flow to said roll, means for preheating the work supplied to said cylinder and means for heating said coating materialadjacent said coating roll to a greater extent than it has previously been heated.

'7. The combination with a rotating cylinder carrying work to be coated and having movement toward and from a coating roll; of a passageway along which coating material may flow to said roll, means for heating said material adjacent said coating roll, and means for driving said coating roll independently of the cylinder.

8. The combination with a rotating cylinder carrying work to be coated and having movement toward and froma coating roll, of a passageway along which coating material may flow to said roll, means for controlling the thickness of material on the coating roll,lmeans for heating said material adjacent said coating roll and means for shutting off said heating means in response to stopping of said cylinder.

9. The combination with a rotating cylinder carrying work to be coated and having movement 10. A coating apparatus comprising a coating roll for applying coating material to the work, additional means substantially adjacent said coating roll for controlling the thickness of the film of material on said coating roll, a shallow pool of material beneath said coating roll, a passage along which the material flows and means outside said passage for directly heating the material from above as it moves along said passage, a supply container for material, the walls of said container being provided with a restricted opening through which the coating material moves.

11. The combination with a cylinder type printing press having. a vertically shifting work holding cylinder, of a varnish type coating fountain having a coating roll and doctor means therein and guides on opposite sides of the fountain for engaging the side frames of the press and for supporting the fountain, the coating roll of the fountain being beneath the cylinder of said press;

12. The combination with a cylinder type printing press, of a fountain for resinous hot melt type coating material including a heated coating roll and heated doctor means beneath the cylinder of said press, a passage along which the material moves to the coating roll, a supply reservoir for material, means between said reservoir and passage for controlling the rate of flow of material, and means above the passage for heating the moving coating material. 7

13. A coating material fountain including a supply reservoir,a passage along which the material moves from the supply reservoir, means between said reservoir and passage for controlling the rate of flow ofmaterial from said reservoir, a heated coating roll adjacent the foot of said incline, heated means for controlling the thickness of material on said roll, a shallow pool for the material beneath said roll, and means above I the coating material for heating the same.

14. An apparatus for coating paper which comprises a heated coating roll, a work holder with ,which said roll cooperates, heated means con-" trolling the thickness of material film on said and means, a shallow passage for the supply of coating material to said roll and means, a reservoir for said material, flow control means be-fl tween said reservoir and passage, means for heating the material insaid fountain, means for driving both the work holder and coating roll, a driving means for the coating roll which is independentof said work holder driving means, and mechanism by means of which said coating roll may be disconnected from the work holder driving means and connected to the independent driving means for the coating roll.

15. The combination with a rotating cylinder type printing press having its work holding cylinder movable toward and from a reciprocating,

bed, and means for driving said press, of a-fountain attachment for said press, means for supporting said fountain from the frame of'said press in a position beneath said cylinder, a coating roll carried by the fountain attachment, doctor means for controlling the thickness of the coat to be applied by said coating roll, the coating roll being adapted to cooperate with said cylinder for'coating a work sheet held by the cylinder when said bed has been disconnected from its driving means, and means for driving said coating roll.

16. An apparatus for coating a flexible foundation with a hot melt varnish type resinous coat ing which comprises means for heating the foundation, means for moving said foundation toward the place where a coating is applied and while the .sameis being heated, means for spreading the coating material across the width of the foundation, means for heating and moving the coating material down an incline during a substantial part of said heating, heated coating means, heated doctor means for controlling the thickness of the applied material and located adjacent the bottom of said incline, and a mov- 6 2,819,242 roll, a shallow pool of material beneath said roll heating means for the coating material moving down said incline being located at least in part over said moving material. j

17. The combination with a cylinder type printing press having awo'rk holding cylinder movable toward and from a reciprocatingbed, of

a fountain for hot melt varnish type resinous coatings secured beneath said cylinder and having a heated. coating roll for cooperation with said cylinder, heated means for controlling the thickness of the coating material on said coating roll, means for heating the work before being coated, means for heating a surface of the coating material to a greater degree than the bulk of such material, means for moving the heated surface material and moving it to said coating roller, and means for heating the coating material during such movement.

18. Apparatus for coating paper and the like comprising an inclined container for hot melt typequick setting coating composition, means for heating the composition in the bottom of the container to liquify it, means above the surface of the liquid in the container for heating it from above, a coating roll at thelow end of the container, means for delivering a thin layer of the hot liquid to the coating roll and means for preheating the paper sufficiently to retard the liquid from solidifying upon contact with it.

19. In a'coating machine, a vertically movable and, rotatable sheet carrying cylinder, guides with a space between the guides beneath the cylinder, means for feeding sheets to the cylinder, means for delivering sheets from the cylinder above the guides, a frame removably' supported by said guides, a fountain supported by said able holder for the foundation to be coated, the

frame, a coating roller supported by said frame in said fountain beneath said cylinder and doctor means carried by said frame and coacting with said coating roller above said fountain.

SAMUEL LIPSIUS. 

